Nanoscale materials refer to materials that have dimensions on the nanometer scale, typically ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers. These materials possess unique physical, chemical, and biological properties due to their small size and high surface area-to-volume ratio. Research in nanoscale materials focuses on exploring and utilizing these properties for a wide range of applications, including electronics, drug delivery, catalysis, energy storage, and sensors. The field of nanoscale materials is interdisciplinary, drawing on principles from physics, chemistry, materials science, and biology to design and synthesize novel materials with tailored properties. Nanoscale materials have the potential to revolutionize various industries and technologies, offering new possibilities for innovation and advancement in the field of materials science.